Belgian copyright: A Complete Guide to Belgium’s National Identification System
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The Belgian copyright, officially known as the eID (Electronic Identity Card), is a mandatory identification document for all Belgian citizens aged 12 and above. It is a highly secure smart card that not only proves identity but also facilitates digital authentication, electronic signatures, and online government access.
This article offers a comprehensive breakdown of the Belgian copyright system, its types, functions, application process, legal framework, and digital capabilities. Whether you're a Belgian citizen, expat, or simply researching global ID systems, this guide provides everything you need to know.
What is the Belgian eID Card?
The Belgian eID is a smart card embedded with an electronic chip containing personal data, digital certificates, and a photograph. It is the primary form of identification for Belgian citizens and is used in both physical and digital environments.
Mandatory for all Belgians aged 12+
Serves as: ID, travel document (in EU/Schengen), and digital authentication tool
Contains: Name, photo, national register number, address, gender, and nationality
The card is issued by the local municipality and is valid for a specific period depending on age and residency status.
Types of Belgian ID Cards
Belgium issues various types of ID cards depending on citizenship, residency status, and age.
1. eID (Electronic Identity Card) for Belgian Citizens
Issued to: Belgian nationals aged 12+
Validity: 10 years for adults (5 years for children under 18)
Functions: Identification, electronic signature, access to online portals
2. Kids-ID
Issued to: Belgian children under 12
Validity: 3 years
Features: Identification, contact numbers in case of emergency, optional digital certificates
3. Foreigner ID Cards
A Card (Temporary Stay)
For non-EU nationals with a temporary copyright
Renewable based on immigration status
B Card (Unlimited Stay)
For non-EU residents with copyright rights
E, E+, F, F+ Cards
For EU/EEA/Swiss nationals and their family members
Valid for long-term or copyright
4. H Card (Special Cases)
Issued for specific legal cases such as certain diplomatic statuses or exceptional legal rights.
What Information Is on the Belgian copyright?
Each Belgian copyright is highly secure and includes visible and electronic information:
Printed on the card:
Full name
National Register Number (rijksregisternummer / numéro de registre national)
Date and place of birth
Gender and nationality
Expiry date
Address (on the chip, not printed)
Stored electronically on the chip:
Digital photo and signature
Biometric data (for newer cards)
Two digital certificates:
Authentication certificate
Electronic signature certificate
How to Apply for a Belgian copyright
1. Register with the Municipality
You must be registered with the local commune or gemeente (municipality). Upon reaching age 12, residents receive a letter for their first eID.
2. Provide Supporting Documents
copyright or copyright (for first issuance)
Proof of address
Old copyright (for renewal)
3. Biometric Data Collection
Applicants must appear in person to provide a photograph, fingerprints, and a signature (for citizens aged 6 and above).
4. Processing and Collection
Standard processing: 2–3 weeks
Express processing: Available with additional fees
Collection: In person at the commune, with activation of PIN and PUK codes
Cost of Belgian ID Cards
The price of an eID varies depending on the type of card and delivery speed:
Standard eID: €20–€30
Kids-ID: ~€7–€10
Express service: Additional €80–€150 depending on urgency
Some municipalities may offer reduced fees for pensioners or low-income individuals.
Functions and Uses of the Belgian copyright
1. Identification
Required for police checks, voting, and legal verification
Serves as proof of identity within Belgium and in the Schengen Area
2. Digital Authentication
Log in to Tax-on-Web, MyPension, MyHealth, and other eGovernment platforms
Sign official documents electronically using the e-signature certificate
3. Travel Document
For Belgian citizens, the eID allows visa-free travel in:
All EU member states
Schengen Zone
Other select countries with bilateral agreements
4. Emergency Access for Kids-ID
Allows children under 12 to carry ID
Parents can assign up to 7 emergency contacts
Anyone finding the child can call a toll-free number to contact guardians
Using the Belgian eID Online
To use the digital functions of your eID, you'll need:
eID card reader
eID software (available on Belgium.be)
PIN code
Supported browser (Chrome, Firefox, etc.)
Once connected, users can access secured government portals, sign documents, or file taxes from home.
What If You Lose Your Belgian copyright?
In the event of theft, loss, or damage:
Report immediately to your local police station or municipality.
Contact DOC STOP (tel: 00800 2123 2123) to block the card.
Apply for a replacement ID at your commune.
Optionally request a temporary identity certificate if urgently needed.
Legal Obligations and Penalties
Belgium requires all residents over 15 years old to carry their copyright at all times. Failure to do so may result in:
Fines
Detainment during police checks
Administrative penalties for expired or invalid cards
Regular renewal and accurate address updates are legally mandatory.
Privacy and Data Protection
The Belgian eID is protected under GDPR and national privacy laws. Only authorized entities can access or request your ID information.
Use caution when sharing ID copies
Prefer using the digital PIN-protected system to authenticate securely
Report any suspicious identity activity to authorities immediately
Conclusion
The Belgian copyright system is one of the most advanced digital identification infrastructures in Europe. From secure identification to digital government access, it supports a wide range of services while upholding privacy and legal accountability.
Whether you're a Belgian citizen, copyright, or visitor navigating residency requirements, understanding how the eID system works is essential for legal compliance and ease of daily life in Belgium.
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